Đối với mỹ phẩm dùng khi mang thai, Twenty Gen khuyến khích mẹ nên mua tại Official Mall để đảm bảo chính hãng tuyệt đối (vì hiện tại đã xuất hiện khá nhiều Mall và Shop trộn giữa hàng Auth và Fake để qua mắt người mua).
SẢN PHẨM AN TOÀN CHO MẸ BẦU
| TÊN SẢN PHẨM | THÀNH PHẦN ĐẦY ĐỦ Nguồn: https://www.shiseido.com.vn/ |
| Sữa chống nắng cho da nhạy cảm Shiseido GSC Perfect UV Protector SPF50+ PA++++ | Dimethicone, Zinc Oxide, Titanium Dioxide (nano), Water (Aqua/EAU), Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Diisopropyl Sebacate, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Hydrogenated Polydecene, PEG-10 Dimethicone, PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Cyclomethicone, Bis-Butyldimethicone Polyglyceryl-3, Aluminum Distearate, Aluminum Hydroxide, Hydrogen Dimethicone, Isostearic Acid, Trimethylsiloxysilicate, PEG-6, PEG-32, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Disteardimonium Hectorite, Hydrated Silica, Sodium Metaphosphate, Triethoxycaprylylsilane, Stearic Acid, Dextrin Palmitate, Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract, Distearyldimonium Chloride, Rubus Idaeus (Raspberry) Fruit Extract, Tocopherol, Aloe Barbadensis Leaf Extract, Thymus Serpillum Extract, Syzygium Jambos Leaf Extract. |
SẢN PHẨM KHÔNG NÊN SỬ DỤNG KHI MANG THAI
Xem chi tiết: Các thành phần mỹ phẩm nên tránh sử dụng khi mang thai
| TÊN SẢN PHẨM | THÀNH PHẦN ĐẦY ĐỦ |
| Dầu tẩy trang Shiseido Perfect Cleansing Oil | Mineral Oil (Paraffinum Liquidum), PEG-8 Glyceryl Isostearate, Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, Isododecane, Water (Aqua), Isostearic Acid, Glycerin, Alcohol Denat., Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil, BHT, Tocopherol. |
| Sữa rửa mặt Shiseido Deep Cleansing Foam | Water (Aqua/Eau), Stearic Acid, PEG-8, Myristic Acid, Glycerin, Potassium Hydroxide, Butylene Glycol, Lauric Acid, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Sorbitol, Beeswax (Cera Alba/Cire D’Abeille), Sodium Lauryl Glycol Carboxylate, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Microcrystalline Cellulose, Disodium EDTA, Water (Aqua), Menthol, Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil, Talc, Ethylcellulose, Linalool, Geraniol, Citronellol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Acrylates Copolymer, Ultramarines (CI 77007), Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract, Silica, Betaine, Silk Powder (Serica/Poudre De Soie), Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Tetrasodium EDTA, Tocopheryl Acetate, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Benzoic Acid, Tocopherol. |
| Sữa rửa mặt Shiseido Clarifying Cleansing Foam | Water (Aqua/Eau), Stearic Acid, PEG-8, Myristic Acid, Glycerin, Potassium Hydroxide, Dipropylene Glycol, Lauric Acid, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Sorbitol, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, PEG-60 Glyceryl Isostearate, Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Polyquaternium-39, Disodium EDTA, Water (Aqua), Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil, Linalool, Geraniol, Citronellol, Kaolin, Sodium Benzoate, Butylene Glycol, Acrylates Copolymer, Betaine, Silk Powder (Serica/Poudre De Soie), Tocopherol, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Artemisia Princeps Leaf Extract, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. |
| Sữa rửa mặt Shiseido Extra Rich Cleansing Milk | Water (Aqua/Eau), Sodium Methyl Cocoyl Taurate, Cocamidopropyl Betaine, PEG-2 Laurate, Glycol Distearate, Propylene Glycol Laurate, Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, Polyquaternium-10, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Benzoate, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Citric Acid, Water (Aqua), Oryza Sativa (Rice) Germ Oil, Disodium EDTA, Linalool, Geraniol, Citronellol, Alcohol, Betaine, Yellow 6 (CI 15985), Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Citrus Junos Seed Extract, Tocopherol, Red 33 (CI 17200), Hydrolyzed Silk. |
| Nước thần Shiseido Eudermine Activating Essence | Water (Aqua/Eau), Alcohol, Dipropylene Glycol, Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Diglycerin, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Lactobacillus/Rice Ferment, PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl Trimethicone, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Erythritol, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Xanthan Gum, Sodium Polyacrylate, Citrus Junos Fruit Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract, Carbomer, Polyglyceryl-2 Diisostearate, Potassium Hydroxide, Disodium EDTA, Isostearyl Alcohol, Isostearic Acid, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Linalool, Geraniol, Hexyl Cinnamal, Citronellol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, Limonene, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Red 33 (CI 17200), Yellow 5 (CI 19140). |
| Nước làm mềm da Shiseido Treatment Softener | Water (Aqua/Eau), Dipropylene Glycol, SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Glycerin, Diglycerin, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG-20, Hydrogenated Dimer Dilinoleyl PEG-44/Poly(1,2-Butanediol)-15 Dimethyl Ether, Phenoxyethanol, Methylparaben [3], Carbomer, Water (Aqua), Erythritol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Disodium EDTA, Alcohol, Potassium Hydroxide, Butylene Glycol, Linalool, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, Sodium Metabisulfite, Citronellol, Geraniol, Magnesium Chloride, Theanine, Calcium Chloride, Serine, Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract, Zingiber Aromaticus Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Tocopherol, Artemisia Princeps Leaf Extract. |
| Nước làm mềm da Shiseido Treatment Softener Enriched | Water (Aqua/Eau), Dipropylene Glycol, Glycerin, Diglycerin, PEG-6, Butylene Glycol, Betaine, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Phenoxyethanol, Polyglyceryl-2 Diisostearate, Isodecyl Neopentanoate, Methylparaben [3], Disodium EDTA, Water (Aqua), Sodium Citrate, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Alcohol, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Tremella Fuciformis Polysaccharide, Potassium Cocoyl Glutamate, Citric Acid, Linalool, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, Sodium Metabisulfite, Citronellol, Geraniol, Magnesium Chloride, Oenothera Biennis (Evening Primrose) Oil, Calcium Chloride, Serine, Hamamelis Virginiana (Witch Hazel) Leaf Extract, Tocopherol, Zingiber Aromaticus Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Citrus Junos Seed Extract. |
| Nước dưỡng Shiseido Vital Perfection Bright Revitalizing Lotion | Water (Aqua/Eau), Dipropylene Glycol, Alcohol, Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Caffeine, Angelica Acutiloba Root Extract, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Bupleurum Falcatum Root Extract, Hydrogenated Polydecene, PEG-30 Phytosterol, Isostearyl Alcohol, Isostearic Acid, Disodium EDTA, Sodium Citrate, Sorbitan Sesquiisostearate, Citric Acid, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Tocopherol, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Red 33 (CI 17200), Yellow 5 (CI 19140). |
| Nước dưỡng Shiseido Vital Perfection Bright Revitalizing Lotion Enriched | Water (Aqua/Eau), Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, Alcohol, Maltitol, Butylene Glycol, PEG-6, PEG-32, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Xanthan Gum, Caffeine, Angelica Acutiloba Root Extract, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Bupleurum Falcatum Root Extract, Hydrogenated Polydecene, PEG-30 Phytosterol, Isostearyl Alcohol, Isostearic Acid, Trisodium EDTA, Sodium Citrate, Sorbitan Sesquiisostearate, Citric Acid, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Tocopherol, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Red 33 (CI 17200), Yellow 5 (CI 19140). |
| Sữa dưỡng Shiseido White Lucent Day Emulsion | Water (Aqua/Eau), Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate [4], SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Dimethicone, Dipropylene Glycol, Glycerin, Octocrylene [4], Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane [4], Diisopropyl Sebacate, PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, PPG-17, Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891), Mica, PEG-240/HDI Copolymer Bis-Decyltetradeceth-20 Ether, Phenoxyethanol, Triethanolamine, Silica, Butylene Glycol, Isostearic Acid, Tocopheryl Acetate, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Xanthan Gum, PPG-3 Dipivalate, HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, Carbomer, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], BHT, Sodium Metaphosphate, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Alcohol, Caffeine, Tocopherol, Disodium EDTA, Linalool, Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Citronellol, Geraniol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Limonene, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract, Prunus Yedoensis Leaf Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Pyrola Incarnata Extract, Potentilla Erecta Root Extract, Polyquaternium-51, Benzoic Acid. |
| Sữa dưỡng Shiseido Benefiance Wrinkle Smoothing Day Emulsion | Water (Aqua/Eau), Alcohol, Dipropylene Glycol, Glycerin, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate [4], Dimethicone, Caprylyl Methicone, Xylitol, Octocrylene [4], Diisopropyl Sebacate, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine [4], Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid [4], Triethanolamine, PPG-8-Ceteth-20, Phenoxyethanol, HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, Silica, Carbomer, Isostearic Acid, Aminopropyl Dimethicone, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Xanthan Gum, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Butylene Glycol, Sodium Metaphosphate, Caffeine, Disodium EDTA, Iron Oxides (CI 77492), PPG-3 Dipivalate, Linalool, Limonene, Tocopherol, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, BHT, Citronellol, Geraniol, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Citrus Junos Seed Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Eucheuma Serra/Grateloupia Sparsa/Saccharina Angustata/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Rhizome Extract, Polyquaternium-51, Saccharina Angustata/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract. |
| Sữa dưỡng Shiseido Vital Perfection Bright Revitalizing Emulsion | Water (Aqua/Eau), Alcohol, Dipropylene Glycol, Dimethicone, Glycerin, Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl Trimethicone, Xylitol, Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, Trehalose, PEG-60 Glyceryl Isostearate, Silica, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Xanthan Gum, Caffeine, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Angelica Acutiloba Root Extract, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Bupleurum Falcatum Root Extract, PEG-5 Glyceryl Stearate, Behenyl Alcohol, Butylene Glycol, Carbomer, Batyl Alcohol, Potassium Hydroxide, Disodium EDTA, Sodium Metaphosphate, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Tocopherol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Iron Oxides (CI 77492), Iron Oxides (CI 77491). |
| Sữa dưỡng Shiseido Vital Perfection Bright Revitalizing Emulsion Enriched | Water (Aqua/Eau), Dipropylene Glycol, Glycerin, Hydrogenated Polydecene, Dimethicone, Butylene Glycol, Triethylhexanoin, Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl Trimethicone, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Maltitol, PEG-60 Glyceryl Isostearate, Diisostearyl Malate, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Hydrogenated Polyisobutene, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Caffeine, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Angelica Acutiloba Root Extract, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Bupleurum Falcatum Root Extract, PEG-5 Glyceryl Stearate, Behenyl Alcohol, Carbomer, Batyl Alcohol, Potassium Hydroxide, Trisodium EDTA, Succinoglycan, Alcohol, Sodium Metaphosphate, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Tocopherol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Iron Oxides (CI 77492), Iron Oxides (CI 77491). |
| Tinh chất Shiseido Benefiance Wrinkle Smoothing Contour Serum | Water (Aqua/Eau), Butylene Glycol, Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate, Dimethicone, Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Behenyl Alcohol, Silica, PEG-400, Batyl Alcohol, Phenoxyethanol, Methylparaben [3], Carbomer, Dimethylacrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate Crosspolymer, Trisodium EDTA, Tocopheryl Acetate, Retinyl Acetate [5], Alcohol, Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, BHT, Polyquaternium-51, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Potassium Hydroxide, Caffeine, Xanthan Gum, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Rosa Canina Fruit Oil, Iron Oxides (CI 77492), Tocopherol, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, Linalool, Limonene, Sodium Metabisulfite, Triisostearin, Uncaria Gambir Extract, Citronellol, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Trimethylolpropane Triethylhexanoate, Geraniol, Cellulose, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Hydroxyproline, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract, Methicone, Tetradecene, Eucheuma Serra/Grateloupia Sparsa/Saccharina Angustata/Ulva Linza/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Rhizome Extract, Saccharina Angustata/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Ascorbyl Dipalmitate. |
| Tinh chất Shiseido Ultimune Power Infusing Concentrate | Water (Aqua/Eau), SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, Dimethicone, Diglycerin, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Phenoxyethanol, Triethylhexanoin, Isodecyl Neopentanoate, Trehalose, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer, PEG-14M, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Alcohol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Disodium EDTA, Potassium Hydroxide, Silica, Isoceteth-10, Linalool, Lauryl Betaine, Sodium Metabisulfite, Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract, Geraniol, Citronellol, Origanum Majorana Leaf Extract, Nelumbo Nucifera Germ Extract, Hydroxyproline, Houttuynia Cordata Extract, Sanguisorba Officinalis Root Extract, Sodium Carboxymethyl Beta-Glucan, Thymus Serpyllum Extract, BHT, Lactobacillus/Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Ferment Filtrate, Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract, Sodium Bicarbonate, Iris Florentina Root Extract, Sodium Benzoate, Ganoderma Lucidum (Mushroom) Stem Extract. |
| Tinh chất Shiseido White Lucent Illuminating MicroSpot Serum | Water (Aqua/Eau), Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Dimethicone, Behenyl Alcohol, Triethylhexanoin, Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl Trimethicone, Talc, Batyl Alcohol, Diisostearyl Malate, Phenoxyethanol, PEG-6, PEG-32, Behenic Acid, PEG-60 Glyceryl Isostearate, PEG-10 Dimethicone, Sodium Metaphosphate, Disodium EDTA, Tocopheryl Acetate, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Silica, Sodium Citrate, Alumina, Potassium Hydroxide, Succinoglycan, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Xanthan Gum, Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891), Alcohol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Caffeine, Sodium Metabisulfite, Citric Acid, Linalool, Tocopherol, Citronellol, Geraniol, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Limonene, Cellulose, Pancratium Maritimum Extract, Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract, Artemisia Princeps Leaf Extract, Prunus Yedoensis Leaf Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Pyrola Incarnata Extract, Potentilla Erecta Root Extract. |
| Tinh chất dưỡng mắt Shiseido Ultimune Power Infusing Eye Concentrate | Water (Aqua/Eau), Dimethicone, Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Sorbitol, PEG-10 Dimethicone, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Calcium Stearate, Xylitol, Methyl Gluceth-10, Sodium Chloride, PEG/PPG-19/19 Dimethicone, Hydrogenated Polyisobutene, Phenoxyethanol, Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, Erythritol, Butylene Glycol, Cellulose Gum, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Alcohol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Tocopherol, Disodium EDTA, Ectoin, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Linalool, Sodium Metabisulfite, Geraniol, Sodium Carboxymethyl Beta-Glucan, Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extract, Citronellol, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Origanum Majorana Leaf Extract, Nelumbo Nucifera Germ Extract, Hydroxyproline, Houttuynia Cordata Extract, Lactobacillus/Hibiscus Sabdariffa Flower Ferment Filtrate, Sanguisorba Officinalis Root Extract, Thymus Serpyllum Extract, Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract, Iris Florentina Root Extract, Ganoderma Lucidum (Mushroom) Stem Extract. |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido Benefiance Wrinkle Smoothing Cream | Water(Aqua/Eau), Sd Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, Niacinamide, Cyclohexasiloxane, Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, Hydrogenated Polydecene, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Dimethicone, Ppg-3 Dipivalate, Myristyl Myristate, Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Vp Copolymer, Behenyl Alcohol, Polysorbate 60, Peg-30 Phytosterol, Phenoxyethanol, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Batyl Alcohol, Alcohol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Erythritol, Peg/Ppg-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Peg/Ppg-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Butylene Glycol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Carbomer, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Potassium Hydroxide, Caffeine, Disodium Edta, Sodium Metaphosphate, Tocopherol, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, Iron Oxides (Ci 77492), Linalool, Sodium Metabisulfite, Limonene, Citronellol, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Geraniol, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Citrus Junos Seed Extract, Hdi/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Iron Oxides (Ci 77491), Eucheuma Serra/Grateloupia Sparsa/Saccharina Angustata/Ulva Linza/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Rhizome Extract, Saccharina Angustata/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract, Silica |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido Benefiance Wrinkle Smoothing Cream Enriched | Water(Aqua/Eau), Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, Glycerin, Niacinamide, Nylon-12, Cetearyl Alcohol, Dipropylene Glycol, Sd Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Glyceryl Stearate, Dimethicone, Diisostearyl Malate, Beheneth-20, Phenoxyethanol, Alcohol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, Carbomer, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Butylene Glycol, Sodium Citrate, Trisodium EDTA, Potassium Hydroxide, Citric Acid, Caffeine, Xanthan Gum, Sodium Metabisulfite, Sodium Metaphosphate, Iron Oxides (CI 77492), PPG-3 Dipivalate, Linalool, Tocopherol, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, Limonene, Citronellol, Silica, Geraniol, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Citrus Junos Seed Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Eucheuma Serra/Grateloupia Sparsa/Saccharina Angustata/Ulva Linza/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Rhizome Extract, Saccharina Angustata/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract. |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido Essential Energy Hydrating Cream | Water (Aqua/Eau), Dimethicone, Butylene Glycol, Alcohol Denat., Betaine, Glycerin, Isohexadecane, Hydrogenated Polydecene, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Silica, Behenyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Myristyl Myristate, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Polysorbate 60, PEG-100 Stearate, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Phenoxyethanol, Dimethylacrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate Crosspolymer, Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891), Sorbitan Tristearate, Erythritol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Alcohol, Aminopropyl Dimethicone, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Carbomer, Trisodium EDTA, Xanthan Gum, Caffeine, Potassium Hydroxide, Isostearic Acid, Sodium Metaphosphate, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Aluminum Hydroxide, Linalool, Tocopherol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Limonene, Citrus Unshiu Peel Extract, Sodium Hyaluronate, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract), Sanguisorba Officinalis Root Extract, Pyrola Incarnata Extract. |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido Essential Energy Hydrating Day Cream | Active Ingredients: Avobenzone [4] (2.0%), Homosalate [4] (5.0%), Octisalate [4] (5.0%), Octocrylene [4] (5.0%) Inactive Ingredients: Water, Sd Alcohol 40-B, Dimethicone, Glycerin, Dipropylene Glycol, Isodecyl Neopentanoate, PEG-20, Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/Beheneth-25 Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Lauryl Betaine, Xanthan Gum, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Caffeine, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Sodium Hyaluronate, Citrus Unshiu Peel Extract, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract, Sanguisorba Officinalis Root Extract, Pyrola Incarnata Extract, Behenyl Alcohol, Silica, Diglycerin, Polysilicone-11, Batyl Alcohol, Butylene Glycol, Bis-Butyldimethicone Polyglyceryl-3, Carbomer, Potassium Hydroxide, PEG-60 Glyceryl Isostearate, Alcohol, Tocopherol, BHT, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Sodium Metabisulfite, Isostearic Acid, Disodium EDTA, Sodium Metaphosphate, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Syzygium Jambos Leaf Extract, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Benzoate, Fragrance [2], Iron Oxides. |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido Vital Perfection Uplifting and Firming Advanced Cream Soft | Water (Aqua/EAU), Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Alcohol, Dimethicone, Triethylhexanoin, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Hydrogenated Polydecene, Diglycerin, Isohexadecane, Behenyl Alcohol, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Cellulose, Trehalose, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Tocopheryl Acetate, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Xanthan Gum, Caffeine, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Lamium Album Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Inositol, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract), Bupleurum Falcatum Root Extract, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Stearyl Alcohol, Dimethylacrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate Crosspolymer, Polysorbate 60, PEG-40 Stearate, Silica, Sorbitan Tristearate, Trisodium EDTA, Sodium Citrate, Citric Acid, Sodium Metaphosphate, Limonene, Aluminum Hydroxide, Hexyl Cinnamal, Tocopherol, Linalool, Citronellol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891), Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Iron Oxides (CI 77492). |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido Vital Perfection Uplifting and Firming Advanced Cream | Water (Aqua/EAU), Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Dimethicone, Alcohol, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Pentaerythrityl Tetraethylhexanoate, Cetearyl Alcohol, Hydrogenated Polydecene, Myristyl Myristate, PEG-100 Stearate, Silica, Bis-Diglyceryl Polyacyladipate-2, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Maltitol, Tocopheryl Acetate, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Rosa Damascena Flower Water, Caffeine, Lavandula Angustifolia (Lavender) Oil, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Lamium Album Flower/Leaf/Stem Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Inositol, Carthamus Tinctorius (Safflower) Flower Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract (Rosmarinus Officinalis Leaf Extract), Bupleurum Falcatum Root Extract, Behenyl Alcohol, Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer, Stearyl Alcohol, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Isohexadecane, Polysorbate 80, Sorbitan Tristearate, Trisodium EDTA, Sodium Citrate, Succinoglycan, Sorbitan Oleate, Citric Acid, Sodium Metaphosphate, Limonene, Hexyl Cinnamal, Sodium Metabisulfite, Tocopherol, Linalool, Citronellol, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Phenoxyethanol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Iron Oxides (CI 77492) |
| Kem dưỡng Shiseido White Lucent Brightening Gel Cream | Water (Aqua/Eau), Butylene Glycol, Glycerin, Dimethicone, SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Triethylhexanoin, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Hydrogenated Polydecene, Behenyl Alcohol, Stearyl Alcohol, Myristyl Myristate, Glyceryl Stearate SE, Trehalose, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Phytosteryl Macadamiate, Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Polysorbate 60, PEG-40 Stearate, Phenoxyethanol, Dimethylacrylamide/Sodium Acryloyldimethyltaurate Crosspolymer, Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Kernel Oil, Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil, Sorbitan Tristearate, Trisodium EDTA, Erythritol, PEG/PPG-17/4 Dimethyl Ether, Sodium Citrate, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Alcohol, Silica, Xanthan Gum, Caffeine, Linalool, Citric Acid, Sodium Metaphosphate, PPG-3 Dipivalate, HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, Tocopherol, Citronellol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Geraniol, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Limonene, Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Fructose, Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Prunus Yedoensis Leaf Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Pyrola Incarnata Extract, Potentilla Erecta Root Extract, Polyquaternium-51, Benzoic Acid. |
| Kem dưỡng kiêm mặt nạ ngủ Shiseido White Lucent Overnight Cream & Mask | Water (Aqua/EAU), Dimethicone, Dipropylene Glycol, Glycerin, SD Alcohol 40-B (Alcohol Denat.), Hydrogenated Polydecene, PEG-10 Dimethicone, Sorbitol, PEG-150, PEG-400, Diisostearyl Malate, PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Disteardimonium Hectorite, PEG-20, Trehalose, Potassium Methoxysalicylate, Phenoxyethanol, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Butylene Glycol, Trisodium EDTA, HDI/Trimethylol Hexyllactone Crosspolymer, Sodium Citrate, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, 2-O-Ethyl Ascorbic Acid, Alcohol, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Caffeine, Citric Acid, Sodium Metaphosphate, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Linalool, Tocopherol, Citronellol, Sodium Metabisulfite, Geraniol, Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract, Silica, Iron Oxides (CI 77491), Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Limonene, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Rehmannia Chinensis Root Extract, Prunus Yedoensis Leaf Extract, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Pyrola Incarnata Extract, Potentilla Erecta Root Extract, Achillea Millefolium Extract, Benzoic Acid. |
| Kem mắt Shiseido Benefiance Wrinkle Smoothing Eye Cream | Water (Aqua/EAU), Hydrogenated Polydecene, Mineral Oil (Paraffinum Liquidum/Huile Minérale), Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, Paraffin, Microcrystalline Wax (Cera Microcristallina/Cire Microcristalline), Polyglyceryl-2 Diisostearate, Squalane, Glyceryl Oleate, Sodium Glutamate, Sodium PCA, Dipropylene Glycol, Carnosine, Beeswax (Cera Alba/Cire d’Abeille), Polyethylene, Tocopheryl Acetate, Phytosteryl/Octyldodecyl Lauroyl Glutamate, Caffeine, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Sapindus Mukorossi Peel Extract, Uncaria Gambir Extract, Angelica Keiskei Leaf/Stem Extract, Crataegus Monogyna Flower Extract, Sanguisorba Officinalis Root Extract, Panax Ginseng Root Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Sodium Acetylated Hyaluronate, Ziziphus Jujuba Fruit Extract, Eucheuma Serra/Grateloupia Sparsa/Saccharina Angustata/Ulva Linza/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Sodium Lactate, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Rhizome Extract, Saccharina Angustata/Undaria Pinnatifida Extract, Chlorella Vulgaris Extract, Alcohol, Trisodium EDTA, Tocopherol, Sodium Metabisulfite, PPG-3 Dipivalate, Linalool, Limonene, Citronellol, Geraniol, Alpha-Isomethyl Ionone, BHT, Alpinia Speciosa Leaf Extract, Carbomer, Polysorbate 20, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Palmitoyl Tetrapeptide-7, Ethylparaben [3], Methylparaben [3], Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Iron Oxides (CI 77492), Iron Oxides (CI 77491). |
| Sữa chống nắng Shiseido GSC The Perfect Protector SPF50+ PA++++ | Dimethicone, Water (Aqua/Eau), Zinc Oxide (9.93%), Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate [4] (7.494%), Alcohol, Cyclopentasiloxane, Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, Diisopropyl Sebacate, Talc, Isododecane, Ethylhexyl Salicylate [4] (3%), Octocrylene [4] (3%), PEG/PPG-9/2 Dimethyl Ether, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate [4] (2%), Titanium Dioxide, PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Dextrin Palmitate, Glycerin, Vinyl Dimethicone/Methicone Silsesquioxane Crosspolymer, Silica, Xylitol, PPG-17, Trimethylsiloxysilicate, Phenylbenzimidazole Sulfonic Acid [4] (0.5%), Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine [4] (0.5%), Isostearic Acid, Bis-Butyldimethicone Polyglyceryl-3, Disteardimonium Hectorite, Aluminum Hydroxide, Stearic Acid, Aminomethyl Propanediol, Hydrogen Dimethicone, Trisodium EDTA, PEG-6, Distearyldimonium Chloride, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], BHT, Tocopherol, Butylene Glycol, Limonene, PEG/PPG-4/2, Dimethyl Ether, Linalool, Isopropyl Alcohol, Saxifraga Sarmentosa Extract, Citronellol, Hexyl Cinnamal, Iron Oxides (Ci 77491), Sodium Metabisulfite, Citral, Syzygium Jambos Leaf Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Sophora Angustifolia Root Extract. |
| Sữa chống nắng Shiseido GSC Urban Environment Triple Benefits Emulsion SPF50+ PA++++ | Trisiloxane, Zinc Oxide (15.529%), Diisopropyl Sebacate, Water (Aqua/Eau), Silica, Octocrylene [4] (5%), Alcohol, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Polysilicone-15 [4] (3%), Dimethicone, Glycerin, Diethylhexyl Succinate, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate [4] (2%), PPG-3 Dipivalate, Titanium Dioxide, PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone, Dextrin Palmitate, Trehalose, Bis-Butyldimethicone Polyglyceryl-3, Cetyl Ethylhexanoate, Sucrose Tetrastearate Triacetate, PEG-10 Dimethicone, Triethoxycaprylylsilane, Ethylhexyl Triazone [4] (0.6%), Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine [4] (0.5%), Butylene Glycol, Disteardimonium Hectorite, Aluminum Hydroxide, Stearic Acid, Trisodium EDTA, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], Tocopherol, BHT, Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate, Sodium Metabisulfite, Menthoxypropanediol, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Thiotaurine, Limonene, Linalool, Scutellaria Baicalensis Root Extract, Citronellol, Paeonia Albiflora Root Extract, Sodium Hyaluronate, Hexyl Cinnamal, Sanguisorba Officinalis Root Extract, Geraniol, Synthetic Fluorphlogopite, Barium Sulfate, Syzygium Jambos Leaf Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Ononis Spinosa Root Extract, Curcuma Longa (Turmeric) Rhizome Extract, Perilla Ocymoides Leaf Extract, Benzoic Acid, Spirulina Platensis Extract, Sodium Citrate. |
| Sáp chống nắng Shiseido GSC Clear Suncare Stick SPF50+ PA++++ | Diphenylsiloxy Phenyl Trimethicone, Homosalate [4], Octocrylene [4], Mineral Oil (Paraffinum Liquidum/Huile Minérale), Hydroxystearic Acid, Triethylhexanoin, Ethylhexyl Salicylate [4], Methyl Methacrylate Crosspolymer, PEG/PPG-9/2 Dimethyl Ether, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane [4], Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate [4], C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Dibutyl Lauroyl Glutamide, Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine [4], Polyamide-8, Silica Dimethyl Silylate, PPG-17, Fragrance (Parfum) [2], BHT, Tocopherol, Limonene, PEG/PPG-14/7 Dimethyl Ether, Tocopheryl Acetate, PEG-6, Linalool, Lecithin, Citronellol, Hexyl Cinnamal, Citral, Pentaerythrityl Tetra-Di-T-Butyl Hydroxyhydrocinnamate, Silica, Glycyrrhiza Glabra (Licorice) Root Extract. |
[2] Fragrance /Parfum trên nhãn sản phẩm đại diện cho một hỗn hợp không được tiết lộ của nhiều loại hóa chất và thành phần tạo mùi hương. Nó có nguy cơ gây kích ứng da. Thành phần này cũng có thể hấp thụ qua da và được tìm thấy trong sữa mẹ. Đặc biệt, Fragrance thường chứa Phthalate – một loại dung môi giúp cố định hương thơm nhưng có thể hoạt động như hormone và can thiệp vào nội tiết tố cơ thể. Ngoài ra, các công bố gần đây từ Harvard còn cho thấy rằng việc mẹ tiếp xúc với Phthalate trong thời kỳ mang thai có thể làm tăng khả năng trẻ gặp các vấn đề về kỹ năng vận động và phát triển ngôn ngữ. Do đó, mẹ nên hạn chế tối đa việc tiếp xúc với Phthalate bằng cách tránh sử dụng các loại mỹ phẩm có chứa hương liệu nhân tạo. (Nguồn EWG và Harvard Health)
[3] Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy có mối quan hệ giữa việc tiếp xúc với Parabens trước khi sinh và kết quả khi sinh như cân nặng, tuổi thai và chiều cao ở phụ nữ mang thai. Cụ thể, nồng độ methyl và propyl paraben trong nước tiểu của mẹ tỷ lệ thuận với cân nặng khi sinh ở những bà mẹ có kiểu gen GSTM1 và GSTT1-null. Nói cách khác, việc hấp thụ Paraben có thể dẫn đến tình trạng tăng cân khi sinh ở phụ nữ. Do đó, thành phần không được khuyến cáo sử dụng trong thời gian mang thai. (Nguồn MDPI)
[4] Các thành phần chống nắng hóa học có thể hấp thụ qua da và 4 trong số đó là Oxybenzone, Octinoxate, Homosalate & Avobenzone đã được chứng minh là gây rối loạn nội tiết tố, trong khi số còn lại không đủ dữ liệu để FDA xác nhận an toàn. Ngoài ra, thành phần chống nắng hóa học thường chiếm lượng lớn trong mỗi công thức nên lượng hấp thụ vào da nhiều hơn so với các thành phần khác, dẫn đến rủi ro cao hơn. Do đó, các chuyên gia khuyến cáo mẹ nên dùng các sản phẩm có chứa thành phần chống nắng thuần vật lý (Zinc Oxide hoặc Titanium Dioxide) trong thời kỳ mang thai và cho con bú để đảm bảo an toàn tốt hơn. (Nguồn EWG).
[5] Nhóm Retinoid được hấp thụ rất thấp qua da khi bôi. Tuy nhiên, có 4 trường hợp được báo cáo về dị tật bẩm sinh liên quan đến việc sử dụng Tretinoin tại chỗ, phù hợp với bệnh lý phôi thai do Retinoid. Do đó, phụ nữ mang thai không được khuyến khích sử dụng thành phần này trong suốt thai kỳ. (Nguồn Pubmed)
LƯU Ý:
- Danh sách thành phần sản phẩm được cập nhật từ website chính thức của thương hiệu. Tuy nhiên, nó có thể thay đổi theo từng đợt sản xuất.
- Bất kỳ một sản phẩm nào, dù được đánh giá là an toàn nhưng vẫn có thể gây kích ứng cho một số người có cơ địa đặc biệt. Do đó, mẹ nên ngưng sử dụng mỹ phẩm và tham khảo ý kiến bác sĩ nếu làn da có biểu hiện lạ.
- Bảng phân loại sản phẩm được thực hiện theo phương thức loại trừ những thành phần bất lợi (dựa trên những công bố của Thư viên Y học Quốc gia Mỹ ). Tuy nhiên, điều đó không đại diện cho xác nhận của chuyên gia y tế về độ an toàn của bất kỳ một sản phẩm nào. Chúng tôi tuyên bố miễn trừ trách nhiệm đối với các quyết định của người dùng.